Collections · Evidence-graded
Human RCT Evidence
Ingredients with at least 10 published human randomized controlled trials
How it works
A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard of clinical evidence — it controls for placebo effects, confounders, and selection bias in ways observational studies cannot. The compounds below have all cleared the 10-RCT threshold, providing a minimum evidence floor that preclinical-only compounds cannot match. Most have 100+ RCTs.
Evidence overview
Every ingredient in this collection has at least 10 published human RCTs in PubMed, filtered from our 52-ingredient evidence library. The count reflects trials tagged by PubMed's publication-type system. Includes both Western molecules and Eastern herbs that have reached human trial volume.
Among the most-trialed supplements in medicine, with emerging evidence on biological-age slowing.
The diabetes drug at the center of the longevity debate — and the TAME trial designed to test aging itself.
A cofactor for hundreds of enzymes, widely under-consumed, tied to sleep, metabolic, and DNA-repair pathways.
A foundational hormone-vitamin where deficiency is common and consequential for aging health.
The single most reproducible lifespan-extending molecule in animals — a prescription drug under off-label longevity study.
A conditionally essential amino acid that becomes deficient with age and suppresses mTORC1 — extended median lifespan 28% in NIH mice studies.
Beyond sleep: melatonin is a potent mitochondrial antioxidant whose production declines ~80% from youth to old age.
The simplest and cheapest NAD+ precursor — with extensive human trial data in skin aging and DNA repair.
The gold-standard glutathione precursor — a medical-grade antioxidant now recognized as key to correcting age-related glutathione depletion.
An FDA-approved hormone replacement for diagnosed age-related hypogonadism with real muscle and mood benefits in that population — not an anti-aging therapy, and its landmark safety trial found real trade-offs alongside cardiovascular neutrality.
The mitochondrial electron carrier that declines with age and statin use — with cardiovascular trial support.
A turmeric polyphenol with one of the largest trial bases in nutraceuticals, studied for inflammation, autophagy and healthspan — bioavailability is the catch.
The most-studied tea catechin, linked to lifespan and healthspan in models via AMPK, sirtuin and FOXO pathways.
An amino acid whose decline was linked to aging in a high-profile 2023 study — with human causality still open.
A well-studied prebiotic fiber that reliably reshapes the gut microbiome and modestly improves glycemic markers — the microbiome-aging link is real but the longevity leap has not been tested in humans.
The dark chocolate flavonoid linked to myostatin inhibition, cardiovascular protection, and mitochondrial biogenesis in human trials.
The archetypal adaptogen; ginsenoside-rich extracts extend healthspan in model organisms via mitochondrial and stress pathways.
A mitochondrial cofactor active in both fat and water — the only antioxidant that regenerates glutathione, vitamin C, and vitamin E simultaneously.
The grape-and-knotweed polyphenol that launched the sirtuin era of longevity research.
A widespread dietary flavonoid, studied as a senolytic partner (with dasatinib) and anti-inflammatory.
A potent methyl donor that clears homocysteine, sustains the SAM methylation cycle, and is increasingly paired with NMN in longevity stacks.
A gut-derived HDAC inhibitor that extends lifespan in multiple animal models, promotes autophagy, and supports intestinal barrier integrity.
One of the most evidence-backed supplements anywhere — for muscle, and increasingly for the aging brain.
An endogenous dipeptide that chelates metals, quenches reactive carbonyls, and inhibits protein glycation — key anti-aging mechanisms.
An alkaloid from Chinese herbs (Coptis / Huang Lian) with human RCTs on metabolic health and an AMPK/sirtuin longevity rationale.
A fat-soluble vitamin with real human-RCT support for slowing arterial calcification and supporting bone density — most of the strongest trial evidence comes from higher-risk populations, not healthy longevity-seekers.
A TCA-cycle metabolite that suppresses mTOR, co-factors DNA demethylation, and showed biological-age reduction in a 2023 human RCT.
The structural phospholipid of neuronal membranes — the only supplement with an FDA-qualified health claim for cognitive function.
The most potent carotenoid antioxidant — spans lipid bilayers and crosses the blood-brain barrier, with human trials in skin, eye, and cognition.
A foundational Qi tonic whose cycloastragenol fraction (TA-65) is studied for telomerase activation — with honestly mixed human evidence.
An anthocyanin-rich berry with a real but modest human-trial base for cognitive and vascular healthspan — a food, not a magic-bullet longevity intervention.
The most potent known NRF2 activator, from broccoli, with human trials in cancer chemoprevention and neuroprotection.
A neolignan from Magnolia bark that directly activates SIRT3, crosses the blood-brain barrier, and shows anxiolytic and anti-tumor effects.
Ayurveda's premier Rasayana tonic — now one of the most RCT-backed adaptogens for stress, cortisol, testosterone, and cognitive aging.
A high-altitude adaptogen with human trials on fatigue and stress — and a foothold in both Eastern and Western tradition.
A medicinal mushroom whose PSK/PSP polysaccharides have the strongest clinical record in immune oncology support.
A polyphenol-rich berry with human-RCT signal for insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic markers — much of the supporting evidence comes from mixed-berry blends rather than strawberry alone, and no trial tests longevity.
A fasting-mimicking polyamine that triggers autophagy and extends lifespan across species.
Yunnan's best-evidenced longevity herb — cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammation, and blood-flow support with 200+ registered clinical trials.
Prized Yunnan–Tibet tonic fungus studied for mitochondrial energy, VO₂ max, and immune modulation — one of TCM's most valuable longevity tonics.
The classic Chinese longevity berry, rich in polysaccharides and carotenoids studied for eye, immune, and oxidative health.
The leading NMN alternative — a direct NAD+ precursor with multiple RCTs confirming it safely raises NAD+ levels in humans.
Siberian ginseng — a classical TCM adaptogen with decades of Soviet and East Asian research on stress resilience, immune function, and endurance.
The bioactive of Huang Qin (Scute), a cornerstone TCM anti-inflammatory herb — studied for SIRT1, AMPK, and neuroinflammation pathways.
The classic Chinese longevity mushroom; emerging research connects its triterpenes to anti-aging and α-Klotho signalling.
A gut-derived metabolite that triggers mitophagy — with human trials on muscle and mitochondrial function.
An FDA-approved diabetes/obesity drug backed by a genuinely strong cardiovascular-outcomes trial (SELECT) — its 'anti-aging' framing rests on small, early biomarker studies (epigenetic clocks, telomeres) that do not yet establish a longevity effect.
The headline NAD+ booster of the longevity world — human trials show it raises blood NAD+ and may support physical function.
A mitochondria-targeted antioxidant with small but real placebo-controlled trials showing improved vascular function in older adults — the evidence base is thinner and more concentrated in one research group than CoQ10's.
The “five-flavor berry,” an adaptogen studied for liver protection, stress resilience, and cellular defense.
A flavone from parsley and chamomile that inhibits CD38 (NADase) — preserving NAD+ through a complementary mechanism to NMN or NR.
“Southern ginseng,” a Chinese herb whose gypenosides activate AMPK — the metabolic longevity pathway.
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