Collections · Evidence-graded

Mitochondrial Support

Compounds that repair, energize, and protect the cellular powerhouse

How it works

Mitochondrial dysfunction — declining ATP output, increased ROS generation, impaired fission/fusion dynamics, and accumulated mtDNA damage — is a primary hallmark of aging. Multiple compounds address different nodes: electron transport chain support (CoQ10), mitophagy induction (urolithin A), NRF2-mediated antioxidant defense (sulforaphane), cofactor support (ALA, glycine), and NAD+ repletion (NR).

Evidence overview

A curated set of compounds with the strongest evidence for supporting mitochondrial function, biogenesis, or quality control. Spans CoQ10 (ETC cofactor), urolithin A (mitophagy), sulforaphane (NRF2), alpha-lipoic acid (co-factor + antioxidant), epicatechin (PGC-1α biogenesis), NR, and the GlyNAC glutathione pair.

Coenzyme Q10辅酶 Q10
76

The mitochondrial electron carrier that declines with age and statin use — with cardiovascular trial support.

Extensive human-trial evidence521 RCTs251 trials
Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA)
76

A mitochondrial cofactor active in both fat and water — the only antioxidant that regenerates glutathione, vitamin C, and vitamin E simultaneously.

Extensive human-trial evidence289 RCTs233 trials
Urolithin A尿石素 A
76

A gut-derived metabolite that triggers mitophagy — with human trials on muscle and mitochondrial function.

Human RCT evidence26 RCTs31 trials
Sulforaphane
80

The most potent known NRF2 activator, from broccoli, with human trials in cancer chemoprevention and neuroprotection.

Human RCT evidence75 RCTs92 trials
Epicatechin
74

The dark chocolate flavonoid linked to myostatin inhibition, cardiovascular protection, and mitochondrial biogenesis in human trials.

Extensive human-trial evidence455 RCTs144 trials
Nicotinamide Riboside (NR)
79

The leading NMN alternative — a direct NAD+ precursor with multiple RCTs confirming it safely raises NAD+ levels in humans.

Human RCT evidence30 RCTs117 trials
Glycine
74

A conditionally essential amino acid that becomes deficient with age and suppresses mTORC1 — extended median lifespan 28% in NIH mice studies.

Extensive human-trial evidence1,722 RCTs4 trials
GlyNAC (Glycine + NAC)甘氨酸 + N-乙酰半胱氨酸
71

A glutathione-restoring amino-acid pair with promising small trials on oxidative stress and aging markers.

Early / limited human trials8 RCTs12 trials

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